What are roundabouts? A transportation engineer explains the safety benefits of these circular intersections

If you’ve been driving through U.S. cities and towns, you’ve likely noticed an increase in roundabouts replacing traditional four-way intersections. Some drivers embrace them as an efficient traffic solution, while others find them confusing or even intimidating.

But what exactly is a roundabout, and why is it becoming a preferred alternative to stop signs and traffic signals? Roundabouts are not just about traffic flow—they are a safer, more efficient, and environmentally friendly way to design roads.

Let’s break down what roundabouts are, how they work, and why they are considered one of the most effective traffic management solutions today.

What is a Roundabout? Understanding the Basics

roundabout—also known as a rotary or traffic circle—is a circular intersection where vehicles move counterclockwise around a central island. Unlike traditional intersections controlled by stop signs or traffic lights, roundabouts operate using a yield-at-entry system, meaning:

✔ Drivers entering the roundabout must yield to vehicles already circulating.
✔ Traffic flows continuously, reducing congestion and unnecessary stops.
✔ Speeds are naturally reduced, leading to safer driving conditions.

Most roundabouts also include:

🔹 Splitter islands – Raised medians that help slow down traffic before entering.
🔹 Pedestrian crosswalks – Positioned away from the central island to increase safety.
🔹 Lane markings – Clear indicators help guide drivers into the correct exit lane.

The result? A smoother, safer, and more efficient intersection that reduces both traffic delays and accidents.

A Brief History of Roundabouts

Many people assume roundabouts are a modern innovation, but their history dates back hundreds of years.

Video : Roundabout Safety Benefits

  • 1700s – Early versions of circular intersections appeared in Europe, particularly in England and France.
  • 1800s-1900s – Washington, D.C. was designed with multiple traffic circles, inspired by European models.
  • 1950s – The United Kingdom introduced the yield-at-entry rule, transforming roundabouts into the efficient system we use today.
  • 1990s – The first modern roundabout in the U.S. was built in Summerlin, Nevada in 1990.
  • Today – Over 10,000 roundabouts exist in the United States, with more being installed every year.

While roundabouts have been common in Europe and Australia for decades, the U.S. is now rapidly adopting them due to their proven safety and efficiency benefits.

Why Roundabouts Are Safer Than Traditional Intersections

One of the biggest reasons cities are replacing traditional intersections with roundabouts is safety.

1. Fewer Conflict Points = Fewer Accidents

typical four-way intersection has 32 conflict points—areas where vehicle paths cross, increasing the risk of collisions. In contrast, a roundabout reduces conflict points to just 8.

This means:

✔ No head-on collisions
✔ No dangerous T-bone crashes
✔ Fewer high-speed impacts

According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), roundabouts can reduce serious and fatal crashes by up to 90% when replacing a stop-controlled intersection. Even when replacing a traffic signal intersection, they reduce serious crashes by nearly 80%.

2. Lower Speeds = Less Severe Collisions

In a roundabout, vehicles enter and exit at lower speeds (15-25 mph), compared to the higher speeds (40-50 mph) seen at traditional intersections.

Lower speeds lead to:

✔ Less severe crashes
✔ Fewer pedestrian injuries
✔ Easier decision-making for drivers

3. Safer for Pedestrians and Cyclists

Roundabouts offer better protection for pedestrians because:

✔ Crosswalks are set back from the circular flow, allowing drivers to see pedestrians clearly.
✔ Pedestrians only cross one direction of traffic at a time, making crossings safer.
✔ Cyclists can either merge into traffic or use a designated bike path, depending on the design.

With these safety features, roundabouts significantly reduce pedestrian-related accidents compared to traditional intersections.

Efficiency: Why Roundabouts Improve Traffic Flow

Beyond safety, roundabouts are also more efficient than stop signs or traffic lights.

1. Less Waiting, More Moving

At a traditional intersection, cars must stop at red lights, even when there’s no cross traffic. In a roundabout:

✔ Traffic keeps moving – No unnecessary stops.
✔ Fewer backups – No long wait times during rush hour.
✔ Reduced driver frustration – No more waiting for a green light when there’s no oncoming traffic.

2. Eliminating Left Turns = Smoother Flow

One of the most dangerous and disruptive movements at an intersection is the left turn. Roundabouts eliminate left turns, forcing all vehicles to move in the same direction, improving:

✔ Traffic efficiency – No waiting for gaps in oncoming traffic.
✔ Driver decision-making – No confusion about when to turn.

3. Roundabouts Handle High Traffic Volumes Better

Unlike stop signs and traffic lights, which cause congestion during peak hours, roundabouts allow continuous movement, making them ideal for high-traffic areas.

Environmental Benefits: How Roundabouts Help the Planet

Roundabouts aren’t just safer and more efficient—they also have environmental advantages.

1. Reduced Fuel Consumption

✔ Less idling at red lights = less wasted fuel
✔ Lower speeds = better fuel efficiency

According to studies, roundabouts can reduce fuel consumption by up to 30%, making them a cost-effective solution for drivers.

2. Lower Carbon Emissions

Fewer stops and starts mean lower emissions, helping reduce air pollution in urban areas. Cities that replace signalized intersections with roundabouts see:

✔ Less smog and pollution
✔ Improved air quality

3. Less Road Maintenance Required

✔ No traffic signals = lower maintenance costs
✔ Roundabouts last longer than traffic lights

With less infrastructure to maintain, roundabouts save cities money in the long run.

Challenges: Why Some Drivers Struggle with Roundabouts

Despite their many benefits, some drivers remain hesitant about roundabouts. Common challenges include:

🚦 Confusion about yielding – Some drivers don’t understand that they must yield to circulating traffic before entering.
🚦 Merging issues – Drivers unfamiliar with roundabouts sometimes hesitate, causing unnecessary slowdowns.
🚦 Exit mistakes – Some drivers find it difficult to choose the correct exit and miss their turn.

However, studies show that once drivers become familiar with roundabouts, their confidence improves significantly.

Video : Principles of Intersection Safety

Final Thoughts: Are Roundabouts the Future of Road Design?

Roundabouts are more than just a traffic trend—they are a safer, smarter, and greener solution for modern transportation. With their ability to reduce crashes, improve traffic flow, and lower emissions, they are quickly becoming a preferred alternative to traditional intersections.

🚗 Safer roads, fewer accidents
🚗 Smoother traffic, less congestion
🚗 Lower fuel costs, reduced pollution

As more states adopt roundabouts in urban and suburban planning, they will likely become a permanent feature of America’s roadways.

So next time you approach a roundabout, embrace the change—it’s making our roads safer and more efficient for everyone!

A 13-year-old builds his own mini-house in his backyard, look inside and be impressed

Most middle schoolers probably have other things on their minds besides building houses.

But Luke Thill, a 13-year-old from Dubuque, Iowa, is unlike any other middle schooler you’ve seen before.

This talented and proactive boy has crafted his very own little house — in his parent’s backyard.

The project cost him roughly $1,500 USD — and now Luke is living his dream in his little cottage.

Come on in and have a look at what it looks like inside.

I think it’s safe to say that Luke is not like many of his 13-year-old peers. In a time of iPads, smartphones, gadgets, and X-Boxes, this young man decided to keep himself busy in a different and more ‘old-fashioned’ way. As he explains on his YouTube channel, his desire to build a small house grew out of feeling bored last summer.

After some thorough research, Luke had a pretty good idea of how he was going to put his plan into action.

The Process

It took him about a year to get the money and materials he needed to build the house. Luke mowed lawns, started a fund-raiser online, and ran errands for anyone who needed help in the neighborhood to make money.

An electrician Luke was friends with helped him install the electricity in exchange for Luke cleaning his garage out, for instance.

Luke used about 75 percent recycled material, many of which were things left over from his grandma’s house. The front door of the house was a gift from an uncle’s friend.

The 89-square-foot house is 10 feet long and 5 1/2 feet wide, with electricity but no plumbing, so no water or bathroom… yet.

“I liked the minimalism,” he told The Des Moines Register. “And I wanted to have a house without a huge mortgage.”

Luke has made several video clips and posted them online, where he talks about his project as many have grown curious about the little house.

As you can imagine, Luke also received some help from his parents, both financially and with the building itself.

But dad Greg made sure that it would be Luke himself who would pay for most of his project and also build most of it himself.

“It was a chance for a kid to do something more than play video games or sports,” Greg told The Des Moines Register. “It teaches life lessons.”

Teenager’s Dream

The house is in many ways a teenager’s dream, an oasis where you can chill and hang out in. It has a microwave, a TV, and a loft with a bed.

There’s even a barbecue and flowers at the back.

Luke usually does his homework after school at his new house and some nights during the week he gets to sleep there.

Luke already has aspirations to build another house — one that’s a little bigger for when he starts college. He also hopes to inspire others to follow their dreams:

“I want to show kids it’s possible to build at this age,” he says in one of his videos.

You can really see how proud he is about his project below.

Luke’s story is a great example of what a child can achieve with a clear goal, a strong worth ethic, and support from home.

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